Hertha Berlin bestraffades med att flyttas ner till Regionalligan. Även träningsanläggningarna var otillräckliga. Under dessa förutsättningarna var det omöjligt för Tasmania att klara kontraktet.
Borussia Dortmund blev första tyska lag att vinna en europacup Cupvinnarcupen För segern hade Bielefeld betalat D-Mark till Herthaspelarna. Offenbachs president Horst-Gregorio Canellas hämnades genom att offentliggöra hela skandalen.
Till följd av skandalen stängdes över 50 spelare och flera tränare av. Under talet fick Bundesliga stora problem med huliganism.
När muren föll blev uppgiften att integrera DDR-klubbarna i den västtyska fotbollen. En del blev stjärnor i Bundesliga som Ulf Kirsten i Bayer Leverkusen eller Mattias Sammer i Stuttgart och Dortmund medan andra som Rico Steinman mestadels satt bänkade under sin tid i den västtyska topdivisionen.
Bundesliga eller längre ner. Under talet har intresset för Bundesliga fortsatt att öka och inför VM i Tyskland gjordes stora investeringar i att modernisera landets fotbollsarenor Berlins Olympiastadion , Westfalenstadion med flera samt hela nya arenor Allianz Arena.
Dock har de flesta klubbar haft problem att hävda sig i Europa under de senaste säsongerna. Bayern München utmärker sig genom segrar i Champions League samt och finalplatsen — En del [ vilka?
Vissa andra [ vilka? Avtalet i sig ger Eurosport sändningsrättigheterna i Norden samt Öst- och Centraleuropa, över samtliga matcher i Bundesliga och Bundesliga 2.
Uppdaterad 19 juli [ 37 ] [ 38 ]. För andra betydelser, se Bundesliga olika betydelser. För lista över tyska mästare i fotboll, se Tyska mästare i fotboll.
Samtliga artiklar med vem-mallar Artiklar med vem-mallar Artiklar med vem-mallar Ej uppdaterad Ej uppdaterad-samtliga.
Visningar Visa Redigera Redigera wikitext Visa historik. Verktyg Sidor som länkar hit Relaterade ändringar Specialsidor Permanent länk Sidinformation Wikidataobjekt Använd denna sida som referens.
Sidan redigerades senast den 27 oktober kl. Since , the 3. Below the level of the 3. Liga, leagues are generally subdivided on a regional basis.
Below this are thirteen parallel divisions, most of which are called Oberligen upper leagues which represent federal states or large urban and geographical areas.
The levels below the Oberligen differ between the local areas. The league structure has changed frequently and typically reflects the degree of participation in the sport in various parts of the country.
In the early s, changes were driven by the reunification of Germany and the subsequent integration of the national league of East Germany.
Every team in the two Bundesligen must have a licence to play in the league, or else they are relegated into the regional leagues.
To obtain a licence, teams must be financially healthy and meet certain standards of conduct as organisations.
Bundesliga is financially strong, and the 2. Bundesliga has begun to evolve in a similar direction, becoming more stable organizationally and financially, and reflecting an increasingly higher standard of professional play.
Hamburger SV was the only club to have played continuously in the Bundesliga since its foundation until 12 May , when the club was relegated for the first time.
In the —09 season, the Bundesliga reinstated an earlier German system of promotion and relegation, which had been in use from until From until , a different system had been used in which the bottom three finishers of the Bundesliga had been automatically relegated, to be replaced by the top three finishers in the 2.
From until two, or later three, teams had been relegated from the Bundesliga automatically, while promotion had been decided either completely or partially in promotion play-offs.
The season starts in early August [4] and lasts until late May, with a winter break of six weeks mid-December through to the end of January.
In recent years, games have been played on Saturdays five games beginning at 3: A new television deal in reintroduced a Friday game beginning at 8: Prior to the formation of the Bundesliga, German football was played at an amateur level in a large number of sub-regional leagues until, in , part-time semi- professionalism was introduced and only five regional Oberligen Premier Leagues remained.
Regional champions and runners-up played a series of playoff matches for the right to compete in a final game for the national championship.
Through the s, there were continued calls for the formation of a central professional league, especially as professional leagues in other countries began to draw Germany's best players away from the semi-professional domestic leagues.
At the international level the German game began to falter as German teams often fared poorly against professional teams from other countries.
The league fielded 14 teams with two relegation spots. The defeat of the national team by Yugoslavia 0—1 in a World Cup quarter-final game in Chile was one impetus of many towards the formation of a national league.
East Germany, behind the Iron Curtain, maintained its separate league structure. The first Bundesliga games were played on 24 August FC Köln was the first Bundesliga champion with Dynamo Dresden and F.
Hansa Rostock were seeded into the top-tier Bundesliga division, with other clubs being sorted into lower tiers.
The German football champion is decided strictly by play in the Bundesliga. Each club plays every other club once at home and once away.
Originally, a victory was worth two points, with one point for a draw and none for a loss. Since the —96 season, a victory has been worth three points, while a draw remains worth a single point, and zero points are given for a loss.
The club with the most points at the end of the season becomes German champion. Currently, the top three clubs in the table qualify automatically for the group phase of the UEFA Champions League , while the fourth-place team enters the Champions League at the third qualifying round see overview.
The two teams at the bottom of the table are relegated into the 2. Bundesliga, while the top two teams in the 2.
The 16th-placed team third-last , and the third-placed team in the 2. Bundesliga play a two-leg play-off match.
The winner of this match plays the next season in the Bundesliga, and the loser in the 2. If two clubs are still tied after all of these tie-breakers have been applied, a single match is held at a neutral site to determine the placement.
However, this has never been necessary in the history of the Bundesliga. In terms of team selection, matchday squads must have no more than five non-EU representatives.
Seven substitutes are permitted to be selected, from which three can be used in the duration of the game. That year it was the only European football league where clubs collectively made a profit.
The Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance out of Europe's five major leagues. By contrast, in the other major European leagues, numerous high-profile teams have come under ownership of foreign billionaires, and a significant number of clubs have high levels of debt.
In the cases of Bayer Leverkusen and Wolfsburg, the clubs were founded by major corporations respectively Bayer AG and Volkswagen as sports clubs for their employees, while Hoffenheim has long received its primary support from SAP co-founder Dietmar Hopp , who played in the club's youth system.
After the German Football Association and the Bundesliga mandated that all clubs run a youth academy , with the aim of bolstering the stream of local talent for the club and national team.
This allows more money to be spent on the players that are bought, and there is a greater chance to buy better instead of average players.
In the first decade of the third millennium s , the Bundesliga was regarded as competitive, as five teams have won the league title.
At the end of each season, clubs in the Bundesliga must apply to the German Football Federation DFB for a licence to participate again the following year; only when the DFB, who have access to all transfer documents and accounts, are satisfied that there is no threat of insolvency do they give approval.
In addition, no individual is allowed to own more than 49 percent of any Bundesliga club, the only exceptions being VfL Wolfsburg , Bayer Leverkusen and current Regionalliga Nordost member FC Carl Zeiss Jena should they ever be promoted to the Bundesliga as they were each founded as factory teams.
Despite the good economic governance, there have still been some instances of clubs getting into difficulties. In subsequent years, the club went through extensive restructuring to return to financial health, largely with young home-grown players.
Based on its per-game average, the Bundesliga is the best-attended association football league in the world; out of all sports, its average of 45, fans per game during the —12 season was the second highest of any professional sports league worldwide, behind only the National Football League of the United States.
Out of Europe's five major football leagues Premier League , La Liga , Ligue 1 , and Serie A , the Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance.
Many club stadia have large terraced areas for standing fans by comparison, stadia in the English Premier League are all-seaters due to the Taylor Report.
Match tickets often double as free rail passes which encourages supporters to travel and celebrate in a relaxed atmosphere. According to Bundesliga chief executive Christian Seifert , tickets are inexpensive especially for standing room as "It is not in the clubs' culture so much [to raise prices].
They are very fan orientated". Football has got to be for everybody. The spectator figures for league for the last eleven seasons:.
The Bundesliga broadcast rights are sold along with the broadcast rights to the Bundesliga Relegation Playoffs, 2. Three Friday night matches — the openers of the first and second halves of the season, and on the final matchday before the winter break — are broadcast to all Germans on ZDF.
Radio coverage includes the national Konferenz whip-around coverage on the stations of ARD and full match coverage on local radio stations.
The Bundesliga is broadcast on TV in over countries. In October , 21st Century Fox , via the Fox Sports , Fox International Channels , and Sky plc divisions, acquired television and digital rights to the Bundesliga in 80 territories, including North America and Asia outside of India and Oceania for five years, and selected European territories for two years, beginning in the —16 season.
CEO James Murdoch explained that the deal was designed to "leverage our unrivaled global portfolio of sports channels to bolster the Bundesliga brand in every corner of the globe.
Spanish-language telecasts air on Fox Deportes. Matches stream online for subscribers to these channels on participating providers via Fox Sports Go , and are also available through the subscription service Fox Soccer Match Pass.
ITV4 broadcasts delayed highlights the following Monday. This arrangement lasts through the season. In , digital TV operator StarTimes acquired exclusive television rights for Sub-Saharan Africa for 5 years starting from season.
In total, 43 clubs have won the German championship , including titles won before the Bundesliga's inception and those in the East German Oberliga.
FC Nürnberg with 9. The following 12 clubs have won the Bundesliga: No club from former East Germany or Berlin has won the Bundesliga.
Each country's usage is unique and in Germany the practice is to award one star for three titles, two stars for five titles, three stars for 10 titles, and four stars for 20 titles.
The former East German side Dynamo Berlin laid claim to the three stars of a time champion. They petitioned the league to have their DDR-Oberliga titles recognized, but received no reply.
Dynamo eventually took matters into their own hands and emblazoned their jerseys with three stars. This caused some debate given what may be the tainted nature of their championships under the patronage of East Germany's secret police, the Stasi.
The issue also affects other former East German and pre-Bundesliga champions. In November , the DFB allowed all former champions to display a single star inscribed with the number of titles, including all German men's titles since , women's titles since and East German titles.
BFC Dynamo Berlin have not followed this guideline and continue to wear three stars, rather than a single star inscribed with the number
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